adverbial N2 uncommon politewritten
依然(として) — still / as ever / as before
依然(として) ・ いぜんとして
Meaning
- still / as before / as ever — a state remains unchanged despite the passage of time or efforts made
Key sentence
原因は依然として不明のままだ。
The cause remains unknown as ever.
Formation
| Attaches to | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Adverb | 依然として + clause | 依然として厳しい |
When: Formal/written — news and reports; in speech 相変わらず or まだ is used instead.
Variants
依然 — として is often dropped, especially before だ/である: 依然不明だ.
Examples
景気は依然として厳しい。
The economy is still tough, just as before.
交渉は依然として難航している。
The negotiations are still bogged down.
Notes
- Stresses that nothing has changed — typically a problem or difficult situation that persists despite expectation it might improve.
See 依然(として) in real sentences
Jengo shows 依然(として) the way you actually meet it: inside real Japanese sentences, so it sticks instead of staying an abstract rule.
Study it in JengoSources Compiled with reference to A Dictionary of Advanced Japanese Grammar.