connective N2 common politewritten
に反して — contrary to
に反して ・ にはんして
Meaning
- contrary to ~ / against ~ / unlike what ~ would suggest — the outcome runs opposite to an expectation, prediction, or rule
Key sentence
予想に反して、試合は大差で終わった。
Contrary to predictions, the match ended in a blowout.
Formation
| Attaches to | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Noun + に反して (adnominal に反する / に反した + N) | N + に反して | 期待に反して / 規則に反する行為 |
Examples
親の願いに反して、彼は会社を辞めた。
Against his parents' wishes, he quit the company.
事前の説明に反して、料金が請求された。
Contrary to the prior explanation, a fee was charged.
Easily confused with
Notes
- 反する = 'to go against'. Pairs with 予想・期待・予測・意志・規則. The adnominal に反する modifies a noun (規則に反する行為, 'an act against the rules').
See に反して in real sentences
Jengo shows に反して the way you actually meet it: inside real Japanese sentences, so it sticks instead of staying an abstract rule.
Study it in JengoSources Compiled with reference to A Dictionary of Advanced Japanese Grammar.