connective N2 uncommon politewritten
さらには — and even / moreover (escalating)
さらには
Builds on さらに
Meaning
- and even ~ / moreover ~ / on top of all that ~ — adds a further, often more extreme item, climbing a progression
さらに + は: the は frames the next item as a step *up* from what came before, so さらには introduces a further, usually more striking or extreme point in a build-up. 国内、さらにはアジア全域に展開する ('expanding nationwide, and even across all of Asia'). It often closes a rising list — small to large, near to far — where the final item is the climax. Written/formal register.
Key sentence
彼の小説は日本で、さらには世界中で読まれている。
His novels are read in Japan, and indeed all over the world.
Formation
| Attaches to | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Joins items or clauses, marking the next as a step up | A、さらには B | 県内、さらには全国へ |
When: Written and formal; typically caps a rising sequence where each item outdoes the last.
Examples
睡眠不足は集中力を下げ、さらには健康を損なう。
Lack of sleep lowers concentration and, on top of that, harms your health.
町の人々、さらには市長までもが反対した。
The townspeople, and even the mayor himself, opposed it.
Easily confused with
さらに Plain さらに just adds 'furthermore' or means 'even more' before a comparative; さらには specifically marks the added item as a *further, climactic step up* in a progression — the は brings the escalation. その上 その上 piles on a comparable extra point ('moreover'); さらには implies the new item goes a notch *beyond* the previous one — broader, larger, or more surprising.
Notes
- Often appears in 'A, B, さらには C' lists where C is the most far-reaching member — the escalation is the whole point.
See さらには in real sentences
Jengo shows さらには the way you actually meet it: inside real Japanese sentences, so it sticks instead of staying an abstract rule.
Study it in JengoSources Compiled with reference to A Dictionary of Advanced Japanese Grammar.