particle N3 common casualpolitewritten
にかけて — over/through (a span: から〜にかけて)
にかけて
Meaning
- over / through / across (a span) — marks the end of a range whose boundaries are approximate, not exact
Key sentence
今夜から明日にかけて雨が降るでしょう。
It will rain from tonight through tomorrow.
Formation
| Attaches to | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Noun (time or place), usually paired with から | (Nから) + Nにかけて | 春から夏にかけて / 関東から東北にかけて |
Examples
九月から十月にかけて台風が多い。
There are many typhoons from September through October.
この地域は朝から昼にかけて風が強い。
In this area the wind is strong from morning into the afternoon.
首から肩にかけて痛みがある。
There's pain spreading from my neck across to my shoulder.
When you can't use it
- にかけて draws a vague, continuous spread, so it pairs with a single ongoing situation, not a one-moment event. Say 夜にかけて雨が降る for rain over a stretch of time, not 八時にかけて始まる for a fixed start time (use 八時に).
Easily confused with
まで まで marks a precise endpoint where something stops (五時まで = 'until exactly 5'). にかけて marks an approximate far edge of a range that the situation spreads across, without a sharp cut-off. 〜から〜にかけて にかけて almost always appears as the second half of the から〜にかけて frame, which states both edges of the span; にかけて alone supplies just the ending edge.
Notes
- A separate idiom にかけては means 'when it comes to ~ (no one beats…)': 料理にかけては彼女が一番だ ('when it comes to cooking, she's the best'). That is a different use from the time/place span here.
See にかけて in real sentences
Jengo shows にかけて the way you actually meet it: inside real Japanese sentences, so it sticks instead of staying an abstract rule.
Study it in JengoSources Compiled with reference to A Dictionary of Advanced Japanese Grammar.