connective N1 uncommon written
かつ — and / moreover / as well as
かつ
Meaning
- and / as well as / moreover — joins two parallel attributes or conditions that hold together of one thing
Key sentence
安全かつ確実な方法を選ぶ。
Choose a method that is both safe and reliable.
Formation
| Attaches to | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Between two adjectives, nouns, or clauses of the same kind | A かつ B | 迅速かつ丁寧 |
When: Stiff and written — legal, technical, and official prose; often joins な-adjectives or nouns.
Examples
この製品は簡単かつ正確に計測できる。
This product measures simply and accurately.
委員長は厳格かつ公平な人物だ。
The chairman is a strict and fair person.
Easily confused with
及び 及び lists nouns as members of a set ('A and B'). かつ stacks two qualities that hold of one thing at once ('both ~ and ~'). 並びに 並びに joins nouns/phrases in formal lists. かつ joins parallel attributes or conditions within a single description. そして そして sequences sentences or events. かつ is a within-clause 'and also', linking two simultaneous attributes.
See かつ in real sentences
Jengo shows かつ the way you actually meet it: inside real Japanese sentences, so it sticks instead of staying an abstract rule.
Study it in JengoSources Compiled with reference to A Dictionary of Advanced Japanese Grammar.